June 28, 1974

The Daily Diary files represent a consolidated record of the President's activities. Visit the finding aid to learn more.

• Original typewritten diary (PDF)

The President's day began at Grand Kremlin Palace, Moscow, U.S.S.R.

The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents made available transcripts of the President's news conferences; messages to Congress; public speeches, remarks, and statements; and other Presidential materials released by the White House.

Digitized versions can be found at HathiTrust.

The Federal Register is the official daily publication for rules, proposed rules, and notices of federal agencies and organizations, as well as executive orders and other Presidential documents.

• Federal Register of Friday, June 28, 1974

The Congressional Record is the official daily record of the debates and proceedings of the U.S. Congress.

• House of Representatives: June 28, 1974
• Extensions of Remarks: June 28, 1974

Selective document listing

President's Office Files

The President's Office Files consists of materials drawn together by the Special Files Unit from several administrative subdivisions within the White House Office. It is the handwriting and sensitive papers sent to the Staff Secretary that now comprise much of the President's Office Files. Visit the finding aid to learn more.

• Annotated and Unmarked News Summaries [Note: Although there was no News Summary on this date, due to the way News Summary products were compiled, you should also consult nearby days for potentially relevant materials.]

Among Pat Buchanan’s duties was the compilation and coordination of background briefing materials for Presidential and a few Vice Presidential press conferences. The briefings—for both the larger, announced press conferences and the smaller, informal ones held in the Oval Office—related to a widespread number of topics and were in the form of probable questions which the White House staff members anticipated news reporters would address to the President. Along with the questions, were answers recommended by Buchanan, other members of the White House staff, and the heads of major departments of the government.

The briefing books are primarily in the form of potential questions and suggested answers (often with heavy annotation by President Nixon), along with associated memos. A listing of briefing books is below, with indication of whether President Nixon annotated the book or not. Each book has an index to the potential questions with direct links to the National Archives Catalog. You should consult the full digital folder for suggested responses, President Nixon's annotations, and other documents and topics not covered by the index.

President's Briefing Book [June 28, 1974]

Citation: President's Briefing Book [June 28, 1974]; box 7; White House Central Files: Staff Member and Office Files: Patrick J. Buchanan; Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, Yorba Linda, CA

Consult the full digital folder for other briefing materials not in the form of prepared questions and answers.

• HOW GOES THE SUMMIT?
  • Can you tell us how you feel about the reception thus far in the Soviet Union; and how would you characterize the progress being made in the negotiations?
  • Has any date been set for the Summit 4 in the United States?
  • How is the phlebitis?
• SUMMIT SUCCESS
  • Can you tell us, if at this point, you can declare that Summit Three has been a success, in terms of moving both nations further along the road to détente?
• EMIGRATION/REPRESSION
  • Have you raised the question of Jewish emigration with the Soviet leaders -- and has any progress been made in this area?
  • Would you not agree with Dr. Kissinger that Senator Jackson's pressure -- via the Jackson Amendment -- have contributed to any progress that has been made in securing the release of Soviet Jews?
  • Are you concerned by reports that the Soviets have cracked down on dissidents, especially Jewish demonstrators, during your summit meeting?
• THE PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
  • The other evening, in your toast to the General Chairman, you seemed to be implying that your personal relationship with Mr. Brezhnev was responsible for the progress in détente. Do you feel that this personal relationship is indispensible for continued progress, in reaching broad agreements, with the Soviet Union?
• WAS THIS TRIP NECESSARY?
  • I raise this issue because others have. There has been criticism that this Summit is designed to divert national attention from Watergate; more to disarm your domestic adversaries, than to disarm nations. Can you respond to this -- and tell us what is being achieved here in Moscow that could not have been accomplished by communications 8,000 miles away in Washington?
• DÉTENTE
  • Some critics see détente as a period in which the Soviet outstripped the U.S. in weapons, cracked down on their own population, won recognition of their claims in Europe -- and U.S. trade and technological concessions to boot. What has the United States gained? And lost? What is your definition of detente, and what is the balance sheet so far as the United States is concerned?
• SALT AGREEMENTS
  • What in your estimation is the reason the SALT agreements have not yet been reached?
  • Can you tell us if we can expect some sort of SALT agreement, or at least an agreement to agree some time in the future -- from this Summit?
  • Assuming that there is no SALT agreement in the near future, is it not almost certain that deployment of MIRV by the Russians will -- with their larger numbers and boosters -- eventually give the Soviets strategic superiority over the United States, approaching a first-strike capability?
  • Cacn you answer one technical question which seems enormously important to these SALT negotiations? Is not on-site inspection essential to determine whether a missile has been MIRVed, or is there some means of national verification -- without getting within miles of the weapon to determine that question?
• YALTA II
  • We are within blocks of the site of the Yalta Conference thirty years ago; to many Americans the term is synonymous with "sellout" to the Soviets of the Eastern Europeans, with secret and shady diplomacy. You, yourself, years ago were severely critical of that summit. Two questions: What is your assessment of Yalta today? And how does the United States avoid the mistakes made there a quarter century ago?
• NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY
  • What are the chances of a so-called "threshold" agreement on atomic testing, limiting underground tests? And considering Senator Kennedy's opposition and that of 37 other Senators, do you think it has a chance to get through Congress?
  • With India joining the nuclear club, and France and China testing in the atmosphere, and Britain testing underground, and other nations apparently lining up to join the nuclear club, is not the "genie out of the bottle?" Has the dream of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons gone finally and irretrievably a-glimmering?
• TRADE EXPANSION
  • How good, really, are the opportunities for expanded trade in light of Congressional opposition -- manifest in the Jackson Amendment -- and Congressional attitudes manifest in the desire for Congressional veto over large Ex-Im Bank loan guarantees?
  • How do you answer the growing number of critics who contend that we are giving away the store, that we were snookered on the wheat deal, and that the Soviets are purchasing Western technology, computers and whole plants which can enormously enhance their military capabilities?
  • How do you answer those who contend we have been getting the short end of the stick, in our negotiations with the Soviets -- in exchanging computers and technology, etc., for something from the Soviets that we could do without or get elsewhere?
• NECESSITY FOR SUCCESS ?
  • Is it not true that these summit meetings raise hopes and create pressures for dramatic agreements, for bringing home the bacon, even when those agreements are not necessarily in the national interest? And, because the issue has been raised elsewhere, is there not tremendous political pressure to succeed here, in bringing home some hard agreement?
  • Do you think Watergate has weakened your hand in dealing with the Soviets, or has prevented progress toward peace?
• MFBR & CSCE
  • This week in Brussels, Mr. Ziegler indicated that you had told NATO leaders we intended to upgrade and modernize our NATO forces. No mention of a cut was made. Have you ruled out progress in MFBR? Has this come up in Moscow?
  • Are you disappointed by lack of progress at MBFR talks in Vienna?
  • Has the question arisen in the summit talks concerning a broadening of exchanges of people, ideas, information and publications with the Soviets and the West -- the so-called "Basket Three" in the CSCE talks in Geneva; and if so, have the Soviets shown any willingness to move in this area?
• SENATOR JACKSON
  • Can you give us your side of Senator Jackson's charges that the Administration made secret concessions to the Soviets in SALT I, which would have allowed the Soviets to gain an advantage of some 124 missiles over the United States, not made explicit in the treaty?
• MIDDLE EAST
  • Is it not true, that despite détente the Soviets knew of the Middle East War preparations, provided timely and enormous arms support for the attackers, and, further encouraged other Arabs to enter --at same time professing détente with the United States? How does this square with the "basic principles" agreed upon in 1972?
  • Are you concerned by reports out of the Middle East of increased guerilla raids into Israel, counter-threats by Israel to go to war or occupy Southern Lebanon; and promises of Egyptian and Syrian aid to the Lebanese?
• WATERGATE/JUDICIARY
  • Dr. Kissinger says that refuting the charges that he initiated wiretaps is vital to the performance of his duty as Secretary of State. Can you thus tell us who initiated those national security taps, since according to the February 28 transcript it appeared to be Dr. Kissinger? Was your comment in error?
  • Can you tell us your opinion of the House Judiciary Committee decision to release all the evidence related to your impeachment while you are in the Soviet Union?
  • Will you comment on the House Judiciary's decision not to hear the witnesses requested by Mr. St. Clair?
  • This question is considered vital to the entire process of your potential impeachment, which is the only reason I raise it here. Would you abidde by a Supreme Court decision directing you to turn over the tapes to Mr. Jaworski?
  • Do you think that this summit, and the Middle East tour, will have any impact upon the impeachment process?
  • Mr. Colson has said (1) you personally directed him to release information derogatory of Mr. Ellsberg; (2) that he told you of Mr. Mitchell's involvement in Watergate in February and (3) that you are personally convinced the CIA was involved in Watergate and the cover-up in some fashion. Are any of these statements true?

The National Archives Catalog is the online portal to the records held at the National Archives, and information about those records. It is the main way of describing our holdings and also provides access to electronic records and digitized versions of our holdings. 

The Catalog searches across multiple National Archives resources at once, including archival descriptions, digitized and electronic records, authority records, and web pages from Archives.gov and the Presidential Libraries. The Catalog also allows users to contribute to digitized historical records through tagging and transcription.

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The President's Daily Brief is the primary vehicle for summarizing the day-to-day sensitive intelligence and analysis, as well as late-breaking reports, for the White House on current and future national security issues. Read "The President's Daily Brief: Delivering Intelligence to Nixon and Ford" to learn more.

• President's Daily Brief of 28 June 1974

The Foreign Relations of the United States series presents the official documentary historical record of major U.S. foreign policy decisions and significant diplomatic activity. Visit the State Department website for more information.

Vol. XV, Soviet Union, June 1972-August 1974

Moscow Summit and the Cyprus Crisis, June-August 1974

• 186. Memorandum of Conversation, Moscow, June 28, 1974, 10:45 a.m.-12:15 p.m.

  Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 77, Country Files—Europe—USSR, Memcons, Moscow Summit, June 27–July 3, 1974. Secret; Nodis. The meeting was held in St. Catherine’s Hall at the Grand Kremlin Palace. Brackets are in the original.

• 187. Memorandum of Conversation, Moscow, June 28, 1974, 4-5:30 p.m.

  Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 77, Country Files—Europe—USSR, Memcons, Moscow Summit, June 27–July 3, 1974. Top Secret; Sensitive; Exclusively Eyes Only. The meeting was held in St. Catherine’s Hall at the Grand Kremlin Palace.

Vol. XXII, Panama, 1973-1976

Panama, 1973-1976

• 46. Memorandum From the Director of the Joint Staff (Train) to Secretary of Defense Schlesinger, Washington, June 28, 1974

  Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files, FRC 330–78–0011, Panama 821 1974. Secret.

Vol. XXVII, Iran; Iraq, 1973-1976

Iran, September 1973-November 1974

• 63. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Iran, Washington, June 28, 1974, 2204Z

  Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Box 603, Country Files—Middle East, Iran, Vol. VI, January 1974–. Secret; Niact; Immediate; Nodis. Drafted by Naas, cleared by Sober, and approved by Sisco.

Vol. XXXIII, SALT II, 1972-1980

SALT II, 1972-1980

• 70. Memorandum of Conversation, Moscow, June 28, 1974, 4-5:30 p.m.

  Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 77, Country Files–Europe–USSR, Memcons, Moscow Summit, June 27–July 3, 1974. Top Secret; Sensitive; Exclusively Eyes Only. The meeting was held in St. Catherine’s Hall at the Grand Kremlin Palace. Nixon arrived in Moscow on June 27 for the Summit with Brezhnev. The memorandum of conversation is printed in full as Document 187 in Foreign Relations, 1969–1976, Vol. XV, Soviet Union, June 1972–August 1974.

Vol. XXXVI, Energy Crisis, 1969-1974

March 29-August 3, 1974

• 356. Paper Prepared in the Office of Economic Research, Central Intelligence Agency, Washington, June 28, 1974

  Source: Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Economic Research, Job 80–T01315A, Box 41. No classification marking. All figures and tables are attached but not printed. An attached June 28 memorandum for the record states that this report was forwarded to Treasury Secretary Simon that day.

Vol. E-14, Part 2, Documents on Arms Control and Nonproliferation, 1973-1976

• 58. Memorandum of Conversation, Moscow, June 28, 1974, 4-5:30 p.m.

  Summary: Nixon and Brezhnev discussed the Threshold Test Ban Treaty during the Moscow summit.
  
  Source: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC Files, Kissinger Office Files, Box 77, Country Files—Europe—USSR, Memcons, Moscow Summit, June 27–July 3, 1974. Top Secret; Sensitive; Exclusively Eyes Only. All brackets are in the original except those indicating text omitted by the editors and “[sic]”, added for clarity. The meeting took place in St. Catherine’s Hall at the Grand Kremlin Palace. The memorandum of conversation is printed in full in Foreign Relations, 1969–1976, volume XV, Soviet Union, June 1972–August 1974, as Document 187.

The Kissinger telephone conversation transcripts consist of approximately 20,000 pages of transcripts of Kissinger’s telephone conversations during his tenure as Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs (1969-1974) and Secretary of State (1973-1974) during the administration of President Richard Nixon. Visit the finding aid for more information.

Digitized versions can be found in the National Archives Catalog.

The White House Photo Office collection consists of photographic coverage of President Richard Nixon meeting with prominent social, political, and cultural personalities; speaking engagements and news conferences of the President and various high-ranking members of the White House staff and Cabinet; Presidential domestic and foreign travel, including Presidential vacations; social events and entertainment involving the First Family, including entertainers present; official portraits of the President, First Family, and high-ranking members of the Nixon administration; the 1969 and 1973 Inaugurals; the President’s 1972 Presidential election campaign appearances (including speeches) and other official activities of the White House staff and the President’s Cabinet from January 20, 1969 until August 9, 1974 at the White House and the Old Executive Office Building; other locations in Washington, DC, such as The Mall; and the Presidential retreats in Camp David, Maryland, Key Biscayne, Florida, and San Clemente, California. Visit the finding aid to learn more.

Roll WHPO-E3146 Photographer: FITZPATRICK | Color or B&W: B&W

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3146-, Deputy Special Assistant John E. Nidecker presenting awards. 6/28/1974, Washington, D.C. John Nidecker, unidentified persons.

Roll WHPO-E3147 Photographer: FITZPATRICK | Color or B&W: B&W

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3147-, Mrs. Anne Armstrong with Leo Phorsness. 6/28/1974, Washington, D.C. Anne Armstrong, Leo Phorsness, Sandy Laughin.

Roll WHPO-E3148 Photographer: FITZPATRICK | Color or B&W: B&W

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3148-, White House Interns Group Portrait with Sandy Laughin. 6/28/1974, Washington, D.C. White House. White House Interns.

Roll WHPO-E3149 Photographer: FITZPATRICK | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3149-, Julie Eisenhower at the National Society for Autistic Children Luncheon. 6/28/1974, Washington, D.C. Julie Eisenhower.

Roll WHPO-E3180 Photographer: Atkins, Oliver | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3180-15-17, President Nixon participating in a wreath-laying ceremony at the Soviet Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Alexandrov Gardens. President Nixon, Dmitry S. Nikiforov (Soviet Chief of Protocol), Gen. V. Serikh (Chief of the Moscow Garrison).
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3180-17-35, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev Signing Agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and Development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3180-30, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev signing Agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and Development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, unidentified officials.

Roll WHPO-E3182 Photographer: Atkins, Oliver | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3182-00A-12A, Members of the American entourage in a Hallway. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Grand Kremlin Palace.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3182-13A-20A, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev participating in a plenary session with U.S. and U.S.S.R. officials. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR St. Catherine's Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3182-21A-30A, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev Signing Agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and Development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev.

Roll WHPO-E3183 Photographer: Atkins, Oliver | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3183-06A-15A, President Nixon participating in a wreath-laying ceremony at the Soviet Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Alexandrov Gardens. President Nixon, Dmitry S. Nikiforov (Soviet Chief of Protocol), Gen. V. Serikh (Chief of the Moscow Garrison).
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3183-16A-21A, President Nixon greeted a crowd of Russian citizens. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Red Square. President Nixon.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3183-22-34, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev Signing Agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and Development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3183-27A, President Nixon and Soviet Chairman Alexei Kosygin Signing Agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and Development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. Nixon, Soviet Chairman Alexei Kosygin, Leonid Brezhnev, unidentified officials.

Roll WHPO-E3185 Photographer: Kightlinger, Jack | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3185-, Pat Nixon at the Moscow Circus. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3185-21A, Pat Nixon attending the Moscow Circus. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Pat Nixon, unidentified officials, circus performers, school children.

Roll WHPO-E3186 Photographer: Kightlinger, Jack | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3186-06A-30A, Pat Nixon attending a performance of the Moscow Circus in Russia. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Pat Nixon, Irina Dobrynin, Lydia Dmitrievna Grinevich, Viktoria Brezhneva.

Roll WHPO-E3187 Photographer: Schumacher, Karl | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3187-, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev in the center box seat of the Bolshoi Ballet Theater in Moscow. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Mr. Nikiforov (Bolshoi Theatre Director), Anatoly F. Dobrynin (Ambassador from the U.S.S.R. to the U. S), Secretary of State Kissinger.

Roll WHPO-E3188 Photographer: Knudsen, Robert L. | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3188-, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev sign agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of energy, housing , construction, heart research, and development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3188-17, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev shaking hands after signing agreements of cooperation between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of energy, housing , construction, heart research, and development at Vladimir Hall in Moscow. Members of the press record from afar. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, unidentified officals, Press.

Roll WHPO-E3189 Photographer: Knudsen, Robert L. | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3189-02-11, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev signing agreements of cooperation between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and Development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3189-12-16, President Nixon and Pat Nixon arriving at the Bolshoi Theatre. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon and Pat Nixon.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3189-17-27A, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev in the center box of the Bolshoi Ballet Theater. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, Mr. Nikiforov (Bolshoi Theatre Director), Anatoly F. Dobrynin (Ambassador from the U.S.S.R. to the U. S), Secretary of State Kissinger.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3189-26, President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva in the center box of the Bolshoi Ballet Theater. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva, unidentified officials.

Roll WHPO-E3190 Photographer: Knudsen, Robert L. | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3190-01A-09A, President Nixon participating in a wreath laying ceremony at the Soviet Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Alexandrov Gardens. President Nixon, Dmitry S. Nikiforov (Soviet Chief of Protocol), Gen. V. Serikh (Chief of the Moscow Garrison).
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3190-10A-19A, President Nixon greets a crowd in Moscow's Red Square. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Red Square. President Nixon.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3190-17A, President Nixon greets a crowd in Moscow's Red Square with his arms raised. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Red Square. President Nixon, crowd.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3190-20A-31A, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev Signing Agreements of Cooperation Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. in the fields of Energy, Housing , Construction, Heart Research, and development. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev.

Roll WHPO-E3191 Photographer: Knudsen, Robert L. | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3191-01-14, Pat Nixon having tea and touring Moscow with Viktoria Brezhneva and others. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Kremlin. Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva, Unidentified People, Translator.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3191-03A, Pat Nixon walks down the hallway of the Kremlin in Moscow. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Kremlin. Pat Nixon.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3191-15-33, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev in the center box of the Bolshoi Ballet Theater. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, Mr. Nikiforov (Bolshoi Theatre Director), Anatoly F. Dobrynin (Ambassador from the U.S.S.R. to the U. S), Secretary of State Kissinger.

Roll WHPO-E3192 Photographer: Kightlinger, Jack | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3192-01A-06A, President Nixon and Pat Nixon Arriving at the Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon and Pat Nixon.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3192-07A-11A, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev in the center Box of the Bolshoi Ballet Theater. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, Mr. Nikiforov (Bolshoi Theatre Director), Anatoly F. Dobrynin (Ambassador from the U.S.S.R. to the U. S), Secretary of State Kissinger.

Roll WHPO-E3193 Photographer: Kightlinger, Jack | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3193-03A-21A, 27A-31A, Pat Nixon having tea and touring with Lydia Dmitrievna Grinevich, Viktoria Brezhneva, Klavdia Andreyevna, and others. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Grand Kremlin Palace. Pat Nixon, Lydia Dmitrievna Grinevich, Klavdia Andreyevna, Viktoria Brezhneva.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3193-22A-26A, 32A, White House Photographers Relaxing. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Kremlin. Karl Schumacher.

Roll WHPO-E3194 Photographer: Schumacher, Karl | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3194-, Pat Nixon attending a Moscow Circus performance with Irina Dobrynin, Lydia Dmitrievna Grinevich, Viktoria Brezhneva. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Irina Dobrynin, Lydia Dmitrievna Grinevich, Viktoria Brezhneva, Pat Nixon.

Roll WHPO-E3195 Photographer: Schumacher, Karl | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3195-, Pat Nixon attending a Moscow Circus performance. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3195-11A, Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva, and others attend a Moscow Circus performance and observe gymnasts performing. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva, circus performers, unidentified audience members.

Roll WHPO-E3196 Photographer: Schumacher, Karl | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3196-, Pat Nixon having tea with unidentified people. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Grand Kremlin Palace.

Roll WHPO-E3198 Photographer: Atkins, Oliver | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3198-04-35, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev watch and greet performing artists at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, Mr. Nikiforov (Bolshoi Theatre Director), Anatoly F. Dobrynin (Ambassador from the U.S.S.R. to the U. S), Secretary of State Kissinger.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3198-06, President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, and Viktoria Brezhneva stand in a theater box and observe performing artists at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Viktoria Brezhneva, Leonid Brezhnev, Pat Nixon, unidentified audience members.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3198-19, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev shake hands while visiting performing artists at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Bolshoi Theatre. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev.

Roll WHPO-E3202 Photographer: Schumacher, Karl | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3202-02-07, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev watching the first act of a concert by Soviet performing artists. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR The Bolshoi Ballet Theatre. President Nixon, Pat Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, Mr. Nikiforov (Bolshoi Theatre Director), Anatoly F. Dobrynin (Ambassador from the U.S.S.R. to the U. S), Secretary of State Kissinger.

Roll WHPO-E3249 Photographer: Atkins, Oliver | Color or B&W: Color

• Frame(s): WHPO-E3249-04-16, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev signing cooperative agreements between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. regarding energy, housing , construction, heart research, and development. Viktor Sukhodrev stands at end interpreting. While groups of news photographers record the event. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, interpreter Viktor Sukhodrev, news photographers.
• Frame(s): WHPO-E3249-14, President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev speaking to one another from opposite sides of a long table during the signing ceremony for cooperative agreements between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. regarding energy, housing , construction, heart research, and development. Interpreter Viktor Sukhodrev stands at the end interpreting. Groups of news photographers record the event. 6/28/1974, Moscow, Russia, USSR Vladimir Hall. President Nixon, Leonid Brezhnev, interpreter Viktor Sukhodrev, news photographers.

The White House Communications Agency Sound Recordings Collection contains public statements that took place between 1969 and 1974. Visit the finding aid to learn more.

B - Vice-Presidential (Agnew and Ford)

• WHCA-SR-B-272
  Briefing to the Washington Workshop-Rm. 450, O.E.O.B. (6/28/1974)
  
  Runtime: 21:00
  
  Original Format: 1/4-inch reel-to-reel audiotape. Original source type: Original.

K - Informal Presidential Remarks

• WHCA-SR-K-206
  Photo opportunity at Treaty Signing Ceremony-Kremlin, Moscow, USSR. (6/28/1974)
  
  Original Format: 1/4-inch reel-to-reel audiotape. Original source type: Original.

S - White House Press Office Briefings (continuation of the L-series)

• WHCA-SR-S-652
  Briefing of the Young Men of the Marine League by William Baroody. (6/28/1974, Family Theater)
  
  Runtime: 16:00
  
  Keywords: Briefings, private briefings
  
  Production credits: Audio feed supplied by WHCA; Recorded by __ (initials of WHCA engineer)
  
  Original Format: 1/4-inch reel-to-reel audiotape. Original source type: Original.
• WHCA-SR-S-654
  Press briefing by Ronald Ziegler in Moscow. (6/28/1974, Intourist Hotel, Moscow, Russia)
  
  Runtime: 1:10:00
  
  Keywords: Press conferences, news conferences, interviews, media, press secretary
  
  Production credits: Audio feed supplied by WHCA; Recorded by __ (initials of WHCA engineer)
  
  Original Format: 1/4-inch reel-to-reel audiotape. Original source type: Original.
• WHCA-SR-S-655
  Press briefing by Ronald Ziegler and Arthur Hartman in Moscow on the Kremlin Agreements. (6/28/1974, Intourist Hotel, Moscow, Russia)
  
  Runtime: 34:00:00
  
  Keywords: Press conferences, news conferences, interviews, media, press secretary
  
  Production credits: Audio feed supplied by WHCA; Recorded by __ (initials of WHCA engineer)
  
  Original Format: 1/4-inch reel-to-reel audiotape. Original source type: Original.

The White House Communications Agency Videotape Collection contains “off-the-air” recordings of televised programs produced between 1968 and 1974. Visit the finding aid to learn more.

• WHCA-7028
  "Panorama". John W. Dean III.
  CBS
  Runtime: 00:24:19
• WHCA-7034
  Weekly News Summary, Tape IV.
  ALL NETWORKS
  Runtime: 1:00
  
  8. Smith/Reasoner/Jarriel: President's day in Russia; places wreath at Tomb of Unknown Soviet Soldier, meeting with Brezhnev at Kremlin, Ceremonial signing of 3 agreements shown,. Time Code Start: 17:50. Keywords: Presidents, travel, trips, Russia, USSR, Soviet Union. Network: ABC.
  
  9. Smith/Schoumacher/artist Reiter: Ellsberg break-in trials; Prosecutor William Merrill's arguments reviewed. G. Gordon Liddy, Bernard Barker and Eugenio Martinez also on trial; David Young granted immunity for his testimony.. Time Code Start: 23:10. Keywords: Watergate, hearings, burglary, impeachment, resignations, investigations, courts, trials, prosecutions. Network: ABC.
  
  10. Smith/Donaldson: President Nixon's Watergate defense. Time Code Start: 25:27. Keywords: Watergate, Senate committee hearings, investigations, testimony, testify, cover-ups, break-in, burglary, theft, plumbers, scandals, impeachment, resignations. Network: ABC.
  
  11. Smith/Donaldson: Vice President Gerald Ford statement on impeachment. Time Code Start: 27:42. Keywords: Vice Presidents, speeches, statements, Presidents, Watergate, Senate committee hearings, investigations, impeachment. Network: ABC.
  
  12. Smith/Reasoner: President Nixon at the ballet (possibly Bolshoi Ballet, Moscow). Time Code Start: 28:48. Keywords: music, performance, Presidents, travel, trips, Nixon trips, domestic, Soviet Union, Russia, USSR, dance, shows, entertainment, music, performance. Network: ABC.
  
  13. Reasoner/Bell: First Lady Pat Nixon visits the Moscow Circus school. Time Code Start: 30:10. Keywords: Presidents, families, wife, travel, tours, schools, performances. Network: ABC.
  
  14. Reasoner: Commentary on President Nixon and Brezhnev's relationship. Time Code Start: 31:44. Keywords: Heads of State, Soviet Union, USSR, Russia, diplomacy. Network: ABC.
  
  15. Newman/Stern: Ellsberg break-in trial. Time Code Start: 33:24. Keywords: Watergate, Pentagon Papers, secrets, Russo, Watergate, courts, hearings, investigations, military, Armed Forces, Vietnam War, Indochina war, Laos, Cambodia, bombings. Network: NBC.
  
  16. Newman/Goralski: Representative Rodino statement in L.A. Times' with Congressman Rodino and President Nixon's attorney St. Clair. Time Code Start: 35:34. Keywords: Watergate, law officials, Senate Committee hearings, investigations, testimony, testify, cover-ups, break-in, burglary, theft, plumbers, scandals, impeachment, resignations. Network: NBC.
  
  17. Chancellor/Brokaw/Valeriani: The latest on the Moscow trip with film of Brezhnev and President Nixon. Time Code Start: 38:01. Keywords: Presidents, travel, trips, Nixon trips, domestic, leaders, meetings, Soviet Union, USSR, Russia. Network: CBS.
  
  18. Newman/Ryan: Vietnam Veteran with ranch. Time Code Start: 44:35. Keywords: Vietnam War, veterans, lifestyles, land, housing. Network: NBC.
  
  19. Chancellor: Bolshoi Ballet in Moscow and an observation on the summit. Time Code Start: 48:00. Keywords: dance, schools, youth, children, SALT, S.A.L.T., Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, Russia, Soviet Union, USSR, Cold War, détente, summits, meetings. Network: NBC.
  
  20. Mudd/Kalb/Rather/Fromson: Film of Moscow, Russia trip and report on threatened hunger strike by nuclear physicist-activist Andrei Sakharov. Time Code Start: 49:45. Keywords: Presidents, travel, trips, Soviet Union, USSR, scientists, physicists, hunger strikes, demonstrations, rally, protesters, demonstraters. Network: CBS.
  
  21. Mudd/Morton: Clawson and L.A. Times statements by Representative Rodino, Hogan and President Nixon's attorney St. Clair. Time Code Start: 56:15. Keywords: Watergate, law officials, Senate Committee hearings, investigations, testimony, testify, cover-ups, break-in, burglary, theft, plumbers, scandals, impeachment, resignations. Network: CBS.
  
  22. Mudd/Graham: Ellsberg break-in trial. Time Code Start: 58:25. Keywords: Watergate, hearings, burglary, impeachment, resignations, investigations, courts, trials, prosecutions. Network: CBS.
  
  23. Mudd/Scherrer: Common cause suit dismissed. Time Code Start: 60:26. Keywords: lawsuits, class action, dismissals. Network: CBS.
• WHCA-7046
  Russian Summit Summary, Tape I.
  ALL NETWORKS
  Runtime: 01:36:38
  
  10. Today Show - Utley: Wreath laying ceremony in Moscow. Time Code Start: 63:24. Keywords: military, tombs, memorials, unknown soldier, SALT, S.A.L.T., Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, Russia, Soviet Union, USSR, Cold War, détente. Network: NBC.
  
  11. Today Show/John Cochran: President Nixon trying to get new SALT [Strategic Arms Limitation Talks] pact. Time Code Start: 66:20. Keywords: Presidents, travel, trips, Nixon trips, international, S.A.L.T., Russia, Soviet Union, USSR, Cold War, détente. Network: NBC.
  
  12. CBS Morning News - Pierpoint: wreath laying ceremony in Moscow. Time Code Start: 69:10. Keywords: military, tombs, memorials, unknown soldier, SALT, S.A.L.T., Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, Russia, Soviet Union, USSR, Cold War, détente. Network: CBS.
  
  13. CBS Morning News - Kalb: Looks at President Nixon's diplomacy in Russia (USSR). Time Code Start: 71:50. Keywords: Presidents, travel, trips, Nixon trips, international, SALT, S.A.L.T., Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, Russia, Soviet Union, USSR, Cold War, détente. Network: CBS.

• New York Times of June 28, 1974

• AP Images photos from June 28, 1974
• Getty Images photos from June 28, 1974

The Vanderbilt Television News Archive is the world's most extensive and complete archive of television news. They have been recording, preserving and providing access to television news broadcasts of the national networks since August 5, 1968.

• June 1974 Broadcast Index

Wikipedia is a free encyclopedia that anyone can edit.

• June 28, 1974